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精子发生决定了公畜繁殖能力。文章综述了表观遗传修饰在家畜精子发生过程中的调控作用，重点分析了DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰及非编码RNA三类修饰参与精原干细胞更新、减数分裂、精子成熟等关键步骤的研究进展，介绍了表观遗传因子通过调控基因表达、染色质重塑和转座子沉默等方式，在精子发生及雄性生殖力维持中发挥的关键作用。同时，展望多组学技术与表观编辑技术在未来育种中的应用前景，为深入研究公畜生殖效能的分子调控机制提供理论基础和新见解。
Abstract：Spermatogenesis determines the reproductive capacity of male livestock. This review summarizes the regulatory roles of epigenetic modifications in the spermatogenesis process of livestock, with a focused analysis on the research progress regarding the involvement of three major types of modifications—DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs—in key stages such as spermatogonial stem cell renewal, meiosis, and sperm maturation. It introduces how epigenetic factors play crucial roles in spermatogenesis and the maintenance of male fertility by regulating gene expression, chromatin remodeling and transposon silencing. Furthermore, the review prospects the application potential of multi-omics technologies and epigenetic editing techniques in future breeding programs, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and novel insights for in-depth research into the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying male livestock reproductive efficiency.
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Basic Information:
DOI：10.19848/j.cnki.ISSN1005-2739.2025.10.0004
China Classification Code:S814
Citation Information:
[1]刘春江,庞静,申依菲,等.表观遗传修饰影响家畜精子发生过程研究[J].黑龙江动物繁殖,2025,33(05):26-30.DOI:10.19848/j.cnki.ISSN1005-2739.2025.10.0004.
Fund Information:
南京农业大学基本科研业务费专项（YDZX2025004）; 江苏省卓越博士后计划项目（2023ZB334）